Urumqi
Urumqi locatd at the northern foot of
the Tianshan Mountain, the entrance of Urumuqi River
valley, it is the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region, is one of the country's most important cities
open to the outside world. As political↑ economic, cultural,
science and technology and information center of the
Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Urumqi is the hub of communications
linking the region with the rest of the county as well
as linking it up with various parts north and south
of the Tianshan Mountains. Many multinationality lived
here. Herdsman lived near the water and grass, they
lived nomad life in this primitive big grassland. They
named this place as "Urumqi", means "Beautiful
pasture", during the first century A.D., the government
of Han Dynasty began to sending troops and farmers to
grassland to reclaim land, open up the northern part
of Silk Road. Over years, this frontier fortress city
which link China and western Silk Road come to form.
Current Urumqi has 1,220 thousand population, and lived
36 nationalities, the nationalities managed to preserve
their traditions and unique characteristics exist side
by side, make themselves to be in harmony with times
breath, giving it a very unusual appearance which ethnic
characteristics and fashion atmosphere coexist.
Urumqi is hinterland of Asia and Africa continent.
It pride with natural landscape↑ ethnic style and features,
tour and shopping, special flavor and delicacies, survive
installations are complete. East of Urumqi faces Bogda
Peak, is close to Kalawucheng hilly country, has snow
scenic, altitude is 800-3,500 meters are spruce, in
the upper edge and downer edge of forest have green
grassland; across the oasis of town, and enter the desert,
is the natural fairyland of desert scenic tourism. are
peculiar natural scenery hereabout, east have high mountain,
glacier, snowfield, south have forest, grassland, waterfall,
west have desert, grassland, north has desert view.
You can appreciate the ethnic customs and habit, museum,
exhibition, luxury guesthouse, inn whose survive installations
are all complete and national handcraft things, famous,
excellent, local special products are full of the eyes,
the kinds are very all ready.
Urumqi tourism landscape belt may be divided into:
1. Hill country landscape belt. divided into two parts,
one is a part of southern hillside's t of Bogda Peak,
the other is a part of the northern side of Tianshan
Mountains, mountain has modern glacier ↑ hillside has
Tianshan spruce forest, the valley has beautiful grassland,
water. The natural scenic are very fancy and ornate,
has higher tourism attraction; 2.Rive valley landscape
. One is Poplar Valley, is a canyon belt of fracture.
The other is Urumqi River Valley, Urumqi River whose
source in the No.1 Glacier flow alongside the Red Hill
, now the water has been led into channel, the old rivercourse
has been built unique Hetan Road in our country. Urumqi
main sights' brief introduction as follows:
Tourist Resorts
Yanrwo
East rely upon Yanr cliff, west is close to Urumqi
River, the perimeter is about 6 square kilometers,
is seasoning scenic zone south suburb of cantonal,
in summer, high and big, tall and straight elm↑
locust tree, miscellaneous wild roses, wild rosebush
and bushes which bloomed red, yellow, blue, white,
purple various flowers, make here become into a
green and bright-colored world. In depth of winter,
icebound and snow touching down white flower covered
whole tree, have a unique sentiment. It is said
that there is a hero early youth who named "Yanr"
in ancient times, he dived into Urumqi River and
killed ficking up the devil's delight mythical flood
dragon, quiet down the flood, the spirit become
into ten millions little swallows, make here become
"swallow fairyland". The ancient nomad
called the place "Urabo", namely means
"red shooting range". It is report that
a tribe of ancient nomad often demonstration and
competition in mIlitary stills and target practice
in open field here, winner ride the fine house frequently,
drape red silk band to show off portliness. |
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West Poplar Valley
West
Poplar Valley in the Southern Mountains lies in
north of Tianshan branch Kalawuquntage Mountain's
northern side's mountainous area, is over 60 kilometers
far away Urumqi city, distributed east and west
tendency ten big and small valley. Belong to mountain↑
forest grassland structure, the place is not only
a good natural pasture, but also a scenery where
prevent the sunstroke, recuperate, tour. Here cloud-kissing
snow mountain, glacier glittering and translucent,
hills wandering,crags towering, canyons are profound,
forest and trees are verdant, flowers and grass
covered hillside, spring and waterfall gurgling,
the air is fresh, sceneries are charming. Was a
famous hunting area, famous pasturing area in Tang
Dynasty. In June in 1990,Urumqi Southern Mountains
has been publicized the firstling municipality Scenic
Zone formally by municipality government. This Scenic
Zone's main scenic spots converged and distributed
in the longitudinal parallel valley, there are West
Poplar Valley, Gangou Chrysanthemum Dais, East Poplar
Gully, Shuixigou Zhaobi Hill, Miaor Valley and Daxigou,
etc sight. The total area is 119 square kilometers,
called as "Southern Mountains Pasture"
traditionally, among of them, the most famous scenery
is West Poplar Gully. West Poplar Gully is 75 kilometers
far away Urumqi city, Lies in the middle of the
hill and low mountainous area transition belt, the
altitude is 2,100 meters, quantity of precipitation
is 500-600 millimeter annually. Dotted snow peaks,
sheer hills, tall and straight spruces, crisscross
grass in the valley. One and another white felt
house set off each other under the thick shade,
exquisite villa, elegant and quiet sanitarium, guesthouse
and snack bar, etc architectures, added vitality
for the valley. Tourists come here, may go to be
a guest in Kazak herdsmen' yurt, drink the pure
and aromatic milk tea, taste the roasted mutton,
cheese, etc delicious meal; appreciate the traditional
"riding horse", "girl chasing",
etc wonderful programs. Also may three and five
become into a group, singing and dancing, entertainment
to the top of your bent; or mate to climb the hill,
walk in the deep of the forest, view and admire
scenery like a picture. Persons who like horse use
little money to rent local Kazak herdsmen's fine
horse, and may gallop in the wide grassland. At
the end of the West Poplar Valley, sceneries are
more beautiful. The green trees shield the escarpment,
a waterfall which is up to over 40 meters and is
about 2 meters wide hang in the sky like a white
silk, flow down vigorously, like a fluttering silver
dragon, roaring like drum. Qing Dynasty poem Hong
Liangji wrote in Tianshan song: "The stones
is green like jade in the Tianshan, snow and stone
are all dyed green. In the half sky stone fall and
ice sudden open, opposite fall flying waterfall."
It is just this realistic description of magnificent
scenery. |
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Glacier
Is 120 kilometers far away south of city, the
No.1 Glacier belong to sightseeing site. It lies
in Kalawuquntage Mountain near the Shengli Slope
which is the middle section of the Tianshan Mountains,
is 120 kilometers far away Urumqi cantonal, the
altitude is 4,800 meters, distributed gigantic modern
glacier, there are fantastic and ploy post glacier
landforms, take on a ice crystal world, is very
attractive. Its three sides encircled hills like
a vast bucket, so people called it as glacier bucket,
the snow doesn't thaw all the year in the mountains
which are around the number one glacier, a year
and a year, the more accumulate, and the snow is
the more thicker, at last slide down, fall into
the hollow of the glacier bucket, through stress↑
thaw and crystallize again, become translucent pale-blue
glacier. the glacier can flow. The west branch of
the No.1 Glacier move 27 meters downwards every
year, the east branch move 11 meters downwards.
When the fronted ,namely glacial tongue move below
the snow line, so come to melt. The melted snow
water of the No.1 Glacier is the main original of
Urumqi River. |
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The Ancient City Of Urabo
Lies in 10 kilometers southern suburb of Urumqi,
southern side of Urabo Reservior, is cultural relics
unit by Autonomous Region, it the ruins in Tang
and Yuan Dynasty ,the ancient city is 550 meters
long from south to north, is 480 meters wide from
east to west, the perimeter is about 2 kilometers.
The city wall is intact basically, the remained
height is 4 meters, the highest place is about 7
meters. The distribution may divided into three
zones in the city, the southern side of the city
has a east and west earth wall which divided the
city into two city zone, the northern zone also
has a south and north earth wall which divided northern
city zone into two section. The most of architectures
have been destroyed like flat in the city, but remain
the relic of square turret at the corners of the
city, there are protuberant relics of horse faces.
Scattered a number of Horse, sheep, camel,, etc
bones on the ground in the city. After liberation,
unearthed pottery pot, jade, pottery basin and jade
articles, square brick, ancient coins, etc in the
city. |
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Xinjiang Office Site of
the Eight Route Army
Located in the Number One yard of second lane
in Shengli Road in Urumqi city. Engraved vigorous
inscription of Dong Bi Wu: "Eight Route Army
station Xinjiang Agency Memorial" in the granite
stele in the right side of the yard. The site is
a earth and wood structure, the blue brick press
the eaves↑ China and Soviet union united two floors
yellow building, during the Resistance against the
Japan War from September in 1937 to 1942,it is a
place where Chinese Communist Part set up agency
in Xingjiiang. Chen Yun, Deng Fa, Chen Tanqiu three
delegates of Party took charge of work here early
or later;many advanced cadres, for example Zhou
Enlai, Wang Jiaxiang, Cai Chang, Liu Yalou, etc
comrades lived here on passage from Yan An out and
home.In 1942,counteraction warlord Sheng Shi Cai
threw himself into the lap of Jiang and against
the Communist Part publicly, arrested the Chinese
Communist Part's comrades who were work in Xinjiang,
Eight Route Army station Xinjiang Agency was opened
follow it, After liberation, Eight Route Army Office
Site was classified cultural relics unit by Autonomous
Region. After "Xinjiang Office memorial of
the Eight Route Army " was completed, open
up the memorial and displayed Chinese Communist
Party's revolution and struggle deeds in Xinjiang
during the Resistance Against Japan War, and exhibited
Deng Fa, Cheng Tan Qiu, Mao Zemin, Du Chongyuan,
Lin Jilu, etc eleven comrades ' things left behind
be the deceased, vita and deeds all their life one
after another. |
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Chaiwobao Lake
lies in 40 kilometers south of Urumqi in Xinjiang,just
in the valley where is from Urumqi to go to Tianshan
Valley of Turpan, its southern high hills stand
in great numbers, snowcapped peaks in both south
to north . Northern is Zhaiwobao Tree Farm, numerous
piles and piles in eastern bank of lake, are ancient
nomadic ancient tombs in Han, Jin period. The area
is 28 square kilometers, the water is very quite
like a mirror, is very clear. There are fishes in
the lake, bulrushes grow thickly by the lake. Recent
years replant amount of crabs, crabs are fat in
autumn and are tasted by tourists. prepare the pleasure
boats in lake district, and have swimming pools,
fishing region and rest and amusement rooms, is
a key scenic spot which was opened up in Urumqi. |
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Shuimo Valley
Lies in 5 kilometers eastern suburbs of Urumqi
city. Here green trees and thick shade, old tree
reach the sky, is the famous scenic zone. During
Guang xu the first to be appointed imperial inspector
Pan Xiao Su called fountain as Mushengquan Spring
,and be write and carved stone and established
stele in Qing Dynasty. Guang Xu 14th year, banished
Zai Lan by Cixi queen mother ever built Xiaocao
pavIlion, later army aspect built Shuimo Valley
here, process munitions, the scenery was destroyed.
After liberation, plant flowers and trees, built
summer houses, extended bridge, opening up entertainment
garden plot, has become quite and beautiful scenic
resort.
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The Museum of Autonomous
Region It is Xinjiang municipality
cultural relics store up and science research
center. The museum was built in 1953.Staff are
made up of Uygur↑ Kazak, Hui, Mongol, Xibe, Manchu,
Han, etc nationalities' cultural relics workers.
AffIliated departments have preservation, exhibition,
restoration, study work as well as cultural relics
team. The museum architecture has local ethnic
characteristics in Xinjiang, green round arched
hallway is 18 meters high, the facade of the hallway,
inner wall, dome decorated white gypsum, architecture
area is almost 17 thousand square meters, exhibition
area is 7,800 square meters. Ever since establishment,
various nationalities cultural relics workers
have been carrying on large-scale's cultural relics
general investigation and stress grave's science
excavation activities, get a series of important
scientific and research results, store up unearthed
historic cultural relics in Xinjiang, national
cultural relics and revolution cultural relics
50,000 pieces, held different types Xinjiang historic
cultural relics display exhibition ten times ,recepted
China and foreign travelers are over a million.
At present, often exhibit Xinjiang historic cultural
relics display, Xinjiang nationalities Ethnic Groups
exhibition, Xinjiang thousand Buddha murals, Xinjiang
unearthed cultural relics exhibition, Xinjiang
past dynasties fabrics exhibition, Xinjiang ancient
corpses exhibition, etc. It is the center of Xinjiang
cultural relics preservation, restoration and
scientific research, visit. Xinjiang historic
cultural relics exhibition, according to primary
society, slave society and feudal society several
development processes, reappear the historic development
conditions in Xinjiang from primary society to
1840 A.D. Among the displayed 1,000 or more pieces
Xinjiang cultural relics, has human cranium fossil
which has ten thousand years till now, have many
stoneware, painted pottery and later every historic
periods' cotton textile, silk fabrics, woodenware,
ironware, copperware, jade objects, clay sculpture,
wooden carvings, silk , murals and ancient coins,
documents died out archaic xinjiang every nationality
characters such as Qielu characters, Huihu characters,
Qiuci characters, Yanqi characters, Chahetai character,
Tibetan character and Han character, etc wooden
book, official dispatch, there are also important
media which show China and West economic, cutural
communion, for example Persian silver coins, Eastern
Roman Gold coins ,etc. Xinjiang nationalities
Ethnic Groups display introduced Uygur, Kazak,
Mongol, Kirgiz, Hui, etc customs of the 12 nationalities
in Xinjiang systemly, reflecting Xinjiang nationalities,
folklore research new achievement. Among the Xinjiang
ancient corpses exhibition, exhibited a "Loulan
sleeping beauty" corpse which is earlier
than Changsha Mawangdui female corpse, is very
attracted people. This ancient corpse which is
3,800 years till now is the known earliest, well
preserved. Furthermore, there are ancient corpses
in Primary society, Tang Dynasty and Han Dynasty,
etc historic periods; these ancient corpses not
only have Hans but also minonation; have male
corpses, also have female corpses; have one person,
also have husband and wife buried in one tomb.
They were dug from long historic tunnel, make
people understand the life of the ancient people
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The Exhibition Hall of the
Autonomous Region In order to adapt
the trade which our country with periphery countries↑
eastern Uropean countries' trade and needs of
developing the Central Asia market, municipality
renamed Exhibition Building and extended as "The
Exhibition Hall of the Autonomous Region",
the center lies in main artery of Youhao Northern
Road in Urumqi city. The center's area is 63 thousand
square meters, now there are 10 exhibit halls,
exhibit area is 7,000 square meters indoor, have
over 400 international standard stalls. The circumstance
of square and around it is very beautiful behind
the Exhibit building, the space is wide, is the
more bigger scale's exhibit building northwest
region. Recent years, held three sessions "Urumqi
Fair" in this center triumphantly, got favorable
comments of nation and foreign commercial. At
present, the center is extending, After extending,
there are 14 exhibit halls, exhibition area is
up to 20 thousand square meters, may set up 800
international standard stalls, and set up 400
seats's news issue hall, may offer multifunctional
all-around one continuous line servive .
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Xinjiang People's Hall
Lies in north end of the Youhao Northern Road
in Urumqi city, separate a road with Kunlun guesthouse.
This architecture was one of the offering engineering
which municipality set up 30 anniversary, it was
completed on the 31th in august in 1985.The area
is up to 29 thousand square meters there are ports
between the round side hall and positive hall.
The positive hall has three-story, there are 3,160
seats' audience hall, set up 8 languages translation
installation, arena, musician poll may rise fall
automatically; side hall have three-story, the
general layout is very unique, there are round
table meeting room, multifunctional meeting room
and 13 meeting hall of regions and prefectures.
The whole hall's decoration is very magnificent,
outside is grand and pageantry, merges modern
architecture style and Xinjiang national style.
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Xinjiang Science and Technology
Hall Lies in southern side of Beijing
Southern Road in Urumqi city, facing north, about
against the People Hall, the whole building's
first engineering area is 10119.5 square meters,
the main building have 10 floors and is 42.5 meters
high, whole building is light and handy and lively,
perspective outline is rich variety, has local
characteristics in Xinjiang. The decoration is
very elegant in the science and technology building,
set up 500 seats's science and education cinema
and 300 seats's memoir halls, has 4 languages'
translation device at one time. Set up audio-visual
education program house↑ closed-circuit television
broadcasting system in the main building, also
set up Science and technology library and multidiscipline
activities room, there are large-scale exhibit
hall, galleries, is conducting popular science
and youngsters to begin their science and technology
pursuits.
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Red Hill
Lies in the center of the Urumqi city,
the east bank of Urumqi River. The hill head like
a mighty lion, the back of hill like wriggling
dragon. It was formed by Permian reddish-brown
sandstone erect and rise action, the hill rock
is mahogany, so is called Red Hill. Climbing the
peak, you may overlook the Urumqi style and view,
built the nine steps " Zhenlong pogoda",
Red Hill is looked as symbol of Urumqi, the Red
Hill is called as" the eyes of Urumqi".
It separate the Urumqi River and looked at in
the distance with southwestern Yamalik Hill, the
altitude is 910 meters. It is recorded that Urumqi
River ever flood was overflowed in 1785 and in
1786 continuously, at that time, some superstitious
people said that that was the dragon which was
making trouble. And also side Red Hill was going
to combine with the opposite Yamalik Hill, at
that time, Urumqi will become into a vast expanse
of water. Urumqi officer Shang An built a pagoda
in the Red Hill and Yamalik Hill respectively
in 1788,in order to surpress dragon. The pagoda
passed 200 years wind and rain, at present still
is intact basically. Red Hill have many historic
sites in history. During the Oyrat Tribe nomads,
built a sacrifice spirits' "Ebo" at
the top of the Hill; during Qing Dynasty, built
Jade Emperor Temple at the top of the hill, built
the Great Buddha↑ Dipper Palace and Ksitigabha
Temple, became a resort of Low Mass and warship
Buddha in Urumqi, nowadays, Red Hill regain show
its heroic bearing, Red Hill is the symbol of
Urumqi. Passed thirties construction, lead the
water to the top of the hill, planted the flowers
and trees, built the road and pavIlion, opened
up the garden and built lake, Red Hill bare hill
take on the green new clothes, has built a peak
park whose area is up to 506 thousand square meters.
The fell in former days, now there are flowers
in spring, there are shade in summer, there are
fruit in autumn, there are green in winter's beautiful
scenery. Recent years, newbuilt ethnic hero Lin
Ze Xu's white marble whole body statue; vast reception
hall " Dragon spring attic" above the
hill and water, along the "climbing high
ladder" up toward "overlook building";
cable car, etc new scenic added extraordinary
splendor for old Red Hill. |
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The People's Park
Lies in western bank of Urumqi River, its
former name is Sharing Happiness Park. It is a
piece of marshland originally, the old trees are
verdant around it. During Qianlong period, after
Urumqi was finished, it became into a sightseeing
and relaxing center. Began to built the garden
in the Guangxu 9th year, built dragon King Temple↑
Zuixia pavIlion, Xiaochun pavIlion, Jianhu pavIlion,
etc around the lake. In 1918,Xinjiang warlord
Yang Zengxin dredged up the bottom of the lake,
refitted the bank of lake, imitate Beijing the
Imperial Palace style and built Danfengchaoyang
PavIlion. After liberation, rebuilt and extended,
rename as People Park. Jianhu lake's bluish green
waves popple in the park, grass and trees are
verdant, pavIlion and attic compare the brightness,
opened up zoo and infant entertainment garden,
built revolutionary martyr monument.
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The Confucian Temple
Lies in the entrance of the Qianjin Road in Urumqi
, the appearance has become broken, but architecture
is still intact, the temple gate sits north and
faces south, northern side is around big palace,
eastern side is side hall and drum-bell tower, architecture
area is almost 1,000 square meters, it was built
in extending Dihua city in Qing Dynasty. Xinjiang
set up province in 1884,name is Longevity Palace.
in order to commemorate the death under shield soldiers
in reoccupying Xinjiang battle, oblation and sacrifice,
also called Zhaozhong Temple. After the Revolution
of 1911, renamed as Temple of God. And renamed as
Confucian Temple in 1944, offered sacrifice activities
for Confucius . |
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Yanghang Mosque
Also called Tatar mosque, lies in southern side
of Liberation Road in Urumqi city. The mosque built
in 1897,Was built by Tartars donate money. Rebuilt
by local Dehe Yanghang provide the fund in 1919.
The Yanghang Mosque area is about 3,000 square meters.
Mosque was built in the square stone terrace, is
about 800 square meters. The front court imitate
the Central Asia architecture layout, is corridors
on three sides with picturesque decoration, decoration
is very gorgeous. There are five rows port poles
juxtapsitely around,28 engraved square poles stand.
Round pendentive colored drawing or pattern, line
up in a circle engraved wooden banister. There are
four adjoined churching halls, spread the carpet
on the ground, be able to hold thousands of saints
to go to church. The top of the Big Temple is Tartar
architecture style, stand a eight angles rhombic
tower. There is a gold crescent in the peak. The
tower's name is "Moon-viewing Tower",
it is the place where Muslims look at appearance
and disappearance of the moon↑ decide the fast day.
Decoration of roof, gate and windows adapt flower
and geometry designs, follows Islamic doxy strictly
which doesn't use graven image and animals' textured
surface. Foreign Firm Big Temple is the main place
where Uigur, Kazak, Tatar, Uzibiek, etc nationalities
hold religion movements in Urumqi Region. There
are sermon room, Imam housing, receive room, etc
in the temple. |
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Southern Mosque
Southern big temple lies in Erdaoqiao in Jiefang
Road in Urumqi, has history of one hundred years,
being a leading place of religious gathering of
a sect of Islamic in Xinjiang. Originally at Nantaizi
, it was rebuilt Erdaoqiao in 1919. The main structure
is the prayer hall in a convex shape. The front
section of the roof has double raised eaves covered
by glazed tiles. At the top of the ridges of the
eaves are decorative tiles showing two dragons playing
with a pearl. A five-layer board under the eaves
is painted with colorful floral designs. The ridge
purlin bears twenty-two flying dragons. The rear
part of the hall is brick-laid, while the front
of the structure is fixed with a wooden door bearing
fine latticed carved designs. Built brick wall at
the back of the palace, there are wooden grid gate,
the center of the grid's figures are very fine,
there is a spacious port in front of the wood grid
gate, hanged up a horizontal tablet, hang down four
islamic imperial edicts. there are orchid↑ Meihua,
bamboo, lotus four drawing board and Dao De Jing
in two sides of the wall. Big Hall divided inside
and outside two palaces, the outside depth is 15
meters, is 22 meters wide, inside palace's depth
and width is 15 meters. The palace hold a thousand
person to go to church. Set up seaman building ,lower
bath pool, Imam housing and reception room of foreign
guests in the mosque. |
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The center of Asia
Chinese Academy of science geography research
institute's scientific research personnel passed
two years' measure and calculation and autoptic,
demarcate Asia continent geography center lies north
latitude 43━40'37'',east longitude 87o91'52'',lies
in churchyard of Baojiacaozi village in Urumqi county
in Urumqi city, Asia continent geography center's
confirmation not only padded the blank space at
home and abroad, but also offer a new tourism resource
which has vast attraction in international. "Asia
center" tourism zone's development and construction
will give rise to tourists' infinite interest all
over the world, someone advise build "Asia
grand sight garden" in Urumqi. |
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